Income Tax Calculator (US Federal)
Estimate 2024 US federal income tax, effective and marginal rates.
Quick answer
- Formula: Taxable income = Gross − pre-tax deductions − standard deduction; tax applied bracket by bracket
- Worked example — Taxable income: $60,400 (full example below).
Income Tax Calculator (US Federal)
| Taxable income | $60,400 |
| Estimated federal tax | $8,341 |
| Effective tax rate | 11.12% |
| Marginal rate (top bracket) | 22% |
| Income after federal tax & pre-tax deductions | $66,659 |
A single filer earning $75,000 in 2024 has $60,400 of taxable income and owes about $8,341 — an effective rate of 11.12%, even though the top (marginal) bracket is 22%.
Estimate US federal income tax for tax year 2024 using the official IRS brackets and standard deduction (Rev. Proc. 2023-34): $14,600 for single filers and $29,200 for married filing jointly.
This is a federal estimate only — it excludes state tax, FICA (Social Security and Medicare), credits and itemized deductions. Add extra deductions to model above-the-line adjustments.
The formula
Worked example
A single filer earning $75,000 in 2024 has $60,400 of taxable income and owes about $8,341 — an effective rate of 11.12%, even though the top (marginal) bracket is 22%.
The example is pre-loaded in the result panel — press Calculate with your own numbers to replace it.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between marginal and effective rates?
The marginal rate applies only to income inside your top bracket. The effective rate is your total tax divided by total income — always lower, because lower brackets are taxed at lower rates.
Does this include Social Security and Medicare?
No. FICA adds 7.65% on wages up to the Social Security wage base ($168,600 in 2024). This calculator covers federal income tax only.
Which tax year is this?
Tax year 2024, using brackets and standard deductions published by the IRS in Rev. Proc. 2023-34.
Category: Finance calculators
Sources & methodology
This calculator applies the formula shown on this page exactly as written, using the standard definitions for its inputs. Results are computed from the values you enter — no data is stored — and are rounded only for display.
Content last reviewed by CalcHub Editorial.
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